A tanka is another form of Japanese poems, like the haiku. It is also called waka or uta. Tanka means a short song. It is an unrhymed Japanese verse form of five lines containing five, seven, five, seven, and seven ...
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Literature notes-S2-Chap VII
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR TWO COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT II: SUBJECT, THEMES AND MESSAGES UNIT III: LITERARY DEVICES AND AUDIENCE UNIT IV: BALLADS UNIT V: POETIC DEVICES UNIT VI: SUBJECT, THEME AND CONTEXT ...
Literature notes-S1-Chap V
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR ONE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY GENRES: FICTION AND NON-FICTION UNIT II: INTRODUCTION TO PROSE: PLOT, SETTING & CHARACTERS UNIT III: INTRODUCTION TO POETRY UNIT IV: THEMES AND MESSAGES IN POETRY UNIT V: LANGUAGE USE ...
Ibihekane: CY na RY
LEARN ITIgihekane “cy/CY” cyongeweho inyajwi Mu nyuguti nto: cyi cyu cyo cya cye Mu nyuguti nkuru: CYI CYU CYO CYA CYE Igihekane “cy” mu magambo Umucyaba Icyaha Icyerekezo Gucyura Abanyacyubahiro Icyuzuzo Cyohoha Cyizere Umucyo Icyokere Igihekane “cy” mu nteruro Uyu mugore afite icyibo. Cyubahiro arashaka ...
Ibisakuzo VI
LEARN ITSakwe Sakwe… ! Soma! Gacika gasubiraho = Urwara Gacika kabaho = Umusatsi/Urukangaga Gahanitse ari keza = Inyegamo y’umusore warongoye Gahete umugongo gahetse abana umunani = Umuheto n’umwambi Gahirima aguye i Buheza = Intore y’amahingura Gaju ...
Umwandiko-Ugiye i Buryasazi…!
LEARN ITKera habayeho umukobwa bamushyingira i Buryasazi. Nyirabukwe agize ngo aramuhereza isazi yatetse, nyiramama wanjye aranga ngo iwabo ntibarya isazi. Bukeye nyirabukwe yenda akabya ashyiramo isazi, arapfundikira atereka ku ziko. Ahamagara umukazana we aramubwira ati: “Mwana wanjye, ngutwo utuboga twa sobukwe; ...
Ibisakuzo V
LEARN ITSakwe Sakwe… ! Soma! Faraziya aceza yicaye=Akayunguruzo Fata agahini mfate akandi tujye gusekura umutanoga = Umusenyi Fata agakoni mfate akandi tujye guherekeza Nyamuhirimanga = Umugore utwite Fata akebo mfate akandi tujye gutara intagwira=Ubwoya bw’inka Fata ...
Literature notes-S6-Chap IV
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR SIX TABLE OF CONTENTS UNIT I: EUROPEAN LITERARY TRADITIONS UNIT II: STRUCTURE IN MODERN PROSE UNIT III: ELEGY AND EPITAPH UNIT IV: LIMERICKS- RHYTHM AND RHYME UNIT V: FREE VERSE ...
Umwandiko-Umwana w’ingayi
LEARN ITMu Rwanda hose banga umwana urya agaya igaburo bamuhaye. Kenshi na kenshi n’ibyo arya abirya abitamo amarira kuko babimuhana inkoni. Kandi n’ubwo yarya byinshi bwa he, ntajya ashyira uturaso ku mubiri! Iyo abonye abandi bana barya abagirira ishyari, akeka ko ...
Umwandiko-Kalima na Gahigi bahuriye mu isoko
LEARN ITKalima: – Mbe Gahigi waje kugura iki? Gahigi: – Naje guhaha udushyimbo, udushaza, n’utujumba. Kalima: – Urabe ufite amafaranga menshi! Gahigi: – Nyakuye he se Kali? Kalima: – Uyakuye kuri bwa bunyobwa bwawe. Gahigi: – Bwararumbye pe! Kalima: – Ubwo ...
Literature notes-S4-Chap II
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR FOUR CONTENTS UNIT 1: REVIEW THE KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT 2: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN LITERARY TRADITIONS UNIT 3: LITERARY TECHNIQUES IN NOVELS UNIT 4: THEMES AND MESSAGES IN A NOVEL UNIT 5: HAIKU AND TANKA UNIT 6: ...
Literature notes-S4-Chap III
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR FOUR CONTENTS UNIT 1: REVIEW THE KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT 2: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN LITERARY TRADITIONS UNIT 3: LITERARY TECHNIQUES IN NOVELS UNIT 4: THEMES AND MESSAGES IN A NOVEL UNIT ...
Umwandiko-Ingwe yihekuye
LEARN ITIngwe yari ihatse urukwavu, impongo, igikeri n’igitagangurirwa. Bukeye ishaka kujya kwa sebukwe, igufatira abana b’impongo n’ab’igitagangurirwa, ibashyira mu ruhago irarukanira, ihamagara abagaragu bayo ngo bajyane kwa sebukwe. Ikwika igikeri uruhago rurimo ba bana, urukwavu rutwara itabi rya shebuja, impongo itwara ...
Literature notes-S2-Chap VIII
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR TWO COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT II: SUBJECT, THEMES AND MESSAGES UNIT III: LITERARY DEVICES AND AUDIENCE UNIT IV: BALLADS UNIT V: POETIC DEVICES UNIT VI: SUBJECT, THEME AND CONTEXT ...
Umwandiko-Umuhinzi n’abana be
LEARN ITUmuhinzi w’umukungu amaze kumva ko mu busaza bwe urupfu rugenda rumugera amajanja, yahamagaye abana be abashyira ahiherereye kuko yari afite ibanga rikomeye yashakaga kubabwira. Yagize ati: “Bana banjye, imirima yanjye yose ni wo murage mbahaye nk’uko nanjye nawurazwe na data. ...
Ibihekane: NJ na MV
LEARN ITIgihekane “nj/NJ” cyongeweho inyajwi Mu nyuguti nto: nji nju njo nja nje Mu nyuguti nkuru: NJI NJU NJO NJA NJE Igihekane “nj” mu magambo Injugu Uruhinja Amajanja Kujenjeka Amajonjora Kanjogera Janja Gukonjoroka Injishi Igikonjo Igihekane “nj” mu nteruro Mukanjishi arakonje. ...
Umwandiko-Nzakunda kujya mu ishuri
LEARN ITNzakunda kujya mu ishuri, mpigire ubumenyi bwo gufindura ibyanditswe, bityo mbe mvuye mu mubare w’abatazi gusoma no kwandika. Nzahigira imyuga n’ubundi bukorikori. Ningera mu ishuri nzitonda nige nshyizeho umwete. Nzajya nsubiza umwigisha ambajije, nsobanuze ibyo ntumvise. Sinzarangaza bagenzi banjye ngo ...
Prose literary works (novel, novella, short story, fairy tale, fable, auto/biography, diary)
LEARN ITa. A novel It is along work of narrative fiction normally in prose, and typically published as a book. The novel is also a type of prose; which is a long narrative that describes fictional characters and events ...
Umwandiko-Uburyarya bwa Bakame I
LEARN ITKera izuba ryaracanye, imigezi irakama, nuko inyamaswa zose ziraterana, zijya inama yo gushaka uburyo zafukura iriba rirerire, zigira ngo none zagera ku mazi. Inyamaswa zose zirabyemera, uretse Bakame yavuze ko nta mbaraga ifite. Umwami w’ishyamba hamwe n’ibyegera bye, byemeza ko ...
Irregular verbs
LEARN ITIn English grammar, verbs are irregular if they don’t have the conventional ‘-ed’ ending in the past tense and/or past participle forms. These verbs do not follow the usual rules for verb forms. Their conjugation follows a different pattern. They ...
The 5 steps of the writing process
LEARN ITPre-writing or planning of writing: It is the first step in writing which is mainly concerned with all the thinking and planning of what you are going to write. In pre-writing, you choose your topic, identify your audience and purpose, ...
Comparatives-positive, comparative, superlative
LEARN ITComparatives are adjectives used to compare two things or people and to show the superiority, inferiority, or equality of one thing compared to another. a. Comparative of inferiority Comparative of inferiority is used to compare two things by showing the inferiority ...
How to create a Google or Gmail account
LEARN ITGmail account is one of the most popular email services on the Internet. It is a free email service that was developed by Google. Gmail offers online free storage of 15 Gigabytes. This means that you can use the storage ...
Umwandiko-Isega n’umuntu
LEARN ITUmunsi umwe, umuhari wahuye n’isega, urayibwira uti: “Umuntu agira intege cyane, nta nyamaswa yamukira itamuhenze ubwenge.” Isega iti: “Iyo mbona umuntu rimwe risa, ni ukuri naherako musumira.” Umuhari uti: “Ejo uzaze nkwereke umuntu kandi nzamugufasha.” Nuko ngo bucye mu gitondo, ...
Literature notes-S4-Chap IV
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR FOUR CONTENTS UNIT 1: REVIEW THE KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT 2: INTRODUCTION TO AFRICAN LITERARY TRADITIONS UNIT 3: LITERARY TECHNIQUES IN NOVELS UNIT 4: THEMES AND MESSAGES IN A NOVEL UNIT ...
Umwandiko-Urukwavu n’igikona
LEARN ITUrukwavu rwatonganye n’igikona, rurarakara cyane, rushaka kucyica. Ariko igikona kibibonye gityo, kirigurukira kiragenda. Urukwavu ruti : « Iki gisiga nagikinishije, mba nacyishe nkakirya ». Nuko urukwavu rugerageza guhimba ubwenge bwo kuzacyica. Rujya ahirengeye, aho ibikona byakundaga gutora. Ruhageze rubona Sakabaka, ...
Umwandiko-Ishyari n’ubuhemu
LEARN ITUmugabo Yuli yabanaga neza n’umugore we, nta ntonganya, nta mwiryane. Umunsi umwe Yuli arazinduka, asiga umugore we imuhira wenyine. Bamwe mu baturanyi be ariko bakamugirira ishyari. Ntibukeye kabiri, baraza babwira muka Yuli bati: “Intambara yaciye ibintu, abantu baraterwa ntibasahure, keretse ...
Ibisakuzo III
LEARN ITSakwe Sakwe… ! Soma! Ca bugufi baragosora = Ifundi mu murama Ca bugufi tugeze mu manga = Amaguru y’abagufi Ca bugufi turase Bigungira = Umugunguzi Ca bugufi turase Rugingira = Ifundi ku rukoma Ca ...
Umwandiko-Urumuri n’umwijima
LEARN ITUmunsi umwe izuba ryahuye n’umwijima, riti: “Mbese nkawe uba ushaka iki mu gihugu, ntuzi ko abantu bose bakwanga, ibintu byose bikugaya? Impamvu yo kwibonekeza uyikura kuki, wahura n’izuba nturive imbere? Ibintu byose ni jye byifuza, ni jye bicikira, ni jye ...
The types of drama
LuckyEtymologically, the word “drama” comes from the Greek word “draō” which means “to do or to act”. Drama is defined as a type of literature that is written for the purpose of being performed in front of an audience or ...
Literature notes-S1-Chap III
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR ONE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY GENRES: FICTION AND NON-FICTION UNIT II: INTRODUCTION TO PROSE: PLOT, SETTING & CHARACTERS UNIT III: INTRODUCTION TO POETRY UNIT IV: THEMES AND MESSAGES IN POETRY UNIT V: LANGUAGE USE IN ...
Literature in English-S6-Exam I
LEARN ITAn exam is a formal test that a student or anyone takes to show his/her knowledge or skills in a particular subject or to obtain a qualification. Download for free “Senior Six Literature in English Exam I” for personal or ...
Insigamugani-Yariye Karungu
LEARN ITUmugani baca ngo: “Yariye Karungu”, bawuca iyo babonye umuntu warakaye yarubiye, nibwo bavuga ngo “nimumubise dore yariye karungu.” Wakomotse kuri Karungu n’umugore we Nyirakamagaza bo mu Rwampara rwa Biryogo (Kigali), ahasaga mu mwaka wa 1700. Uwo Karungu yari atuye mu ...
Literature notes-S1-Chap II
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR ONE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: INTRODUCTION TO LITERARY GENRES: FICTION AND NON-FICTION UNIT II: INTRODUCTION TO PROSE: PLOT, SETTING & CHARACTERS UNIT III: INTRODUCTION TO POETRY UNIT IV: THEMES AND MESSAGES IN POETRY UNIT V: LANGUAGE USE ...
Umwandiko-Ruhato n’agasamuzuri
LEARN ITHabayeho umugabo Ruhato akaba n’umuhigi. Umunsi umwe ajya guhiga, avumbura agasimba yirirwa akirukaho ageza nimunsi atarakica. Amaze kunanirwa abaza ako gasimba ati: «Wa gasimba we uri iki?» Karamusubiza kati: «Ndi agasamuzuri ka muzuzuri, gasura ntikanutse, kicwa ntikaribwe, karibwa ntikanebwe.» Umugabo ...
What is a computer?
LEARN ITA computer is an electronic device that accepts data and performs a sequence of calculations based on a set of instructions in order to produce the desired information as output. This means that a computer is capable of receiving raw ...
Umwandiko-Umugani wa Ngarama na Saruhara
LEARN ITHabayeho umuntu akitwa Ngarama, akaba n’umugaragu w’umwami. Muri icyo gihe hariho igisiga kinini kikitwa Saruhara rwa Nkomokomo. Abantu bari barakigize indahiro. Cyagiraga amaboko cyane, kikabuza umwami guturwa. Cyabonaga abafite amakoro kikabica, ibintu byabo kikabirya. Umwami agira umujinya, agiteza ingabo ngo ...
Literature notes-S3-Chap II
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR THREE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: REVIEW OF KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT II: PLOT DEVELOPMENT UNIT III: TONE, ATMOSPHERE AND PURPOSE UNIT IV: TYPES OF POETRY AND POEMS UNIT V: POETIC DEVICES UNIT VI: CONTEXT AND PLOT DEVELOPMENT ...
Umwandiko-Uburyarya bwa Bakame II
LEARN ITAriko izasimbuye ya mpyisi, ntizashoboye kuyirusha ubutwari. Imwe gusa muri zo, ni yo yashoboye gutahura uburyarya bwa Bakame. Nyamara zose zarayisuzuguraga, zikayinegura ingendo n’uko iteye. Akanyamasyo muzi ukuntu kagenda ariko gasodoka; karakugendeye gakururuka kageze kuri rya riba, kihisha mu mazi. ...
Umwandiko-Impyisi n’ihene
LEARN ITKera amapfa yarateye, izuba riracana, ibyatsi n’ibiti biruma, biragwengera, ibitungwa bibura icyo birya, ibintu biradogera, abantu bakajya guhaha aho imvura yagwaga. Hakabaho ihene, ikitwa Ruhaya. Ibwira izindi hene zose iti: «Nimuze tujye guhahira muri ririya shyamba rigwamo imvura; turishe ubwatsi. ...
Literature notes-S3-Chap IV
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR THREE COURSE CONTENTS UNIT I: REVIEW OF KEY ASPECTS OF PROSE UNIT II: PLOT DEVELOPMENT UNIT III: TONE, ATMOSPHERE AND PURPOSE UNIT IV: TYPES OF POETRY AND POEMS UNIT V: POETIC DEVICES UNIT VI: CONTEXT AND PLOT DEVELOPMENT ...
Literature in English Notes-Senior Four
LEARN ITLiterature in English Notes-Senior Four includes the notes that will enable the learners to understand well Literature in English. By using these notes, they will be familiar with analyzing different literary works of prose, poetry, and drama. The notes were ...
Umwandiko-Inzozi z’umuntu w’umukene
LEARN ITHari umugabo wari umukene, atunzwe no kwikorera imizigo bakamwita umudeyideyi. Umunsi umwe, ari mu nzira yikoreye aza kunanirwa, aratura, maze aricara ngo aruhuke. Uko yakicaye, asinzirirako maze ararota. Mu nzozi ze, asubira mu by’imibereho ye: ukuntu yakoraga ataruhuka kandi ntagire ...
Modal auxiliary verbs
LEARN ITModal auxiliary verbs are the verbs that help other verbs to express doubt, certainty, possibility, probability, permission, necessity/obligation, and ability. These verbs include can, could, may, might, will, would, shall, should, must, ought to, dare not, need not … The ...
Umwandiko-Sebwugugu n’uruyuzi
LEARN ITHabayeho umugabo akitwa Sebwugugu. Bukeye amapfa aratera, Sebwugugu asuhukana n’umugore. Baragenda maze bageze mu ishyamba, bahasanga uruyuzi rweze ibihaza byinshi. Baracumbika, batungwa n’ibyo bihaza. Hashize iminsi, umugabo abwira umugore we ati : “ngiye gutemera uru ruyuzi rwoye kurengerwa n’ibyatsi.” Umugore ...
Umwandiko-Icyivugo cy’inturo
LEARN ITNi inturo y’umujinya Ya Rutigerera igicuku Yenze ibara ry’igishwi n’ikibiribiri Ihirika mu Buranga Itunguka kwa Nzogiroshya. Ibona Kibamba yaraye ku mutambiko w’urusenge Rusake ihina ibikohwa Ikubiramo ibirokoroko iramiraza. Imbeba yaraye mu muheno Iti: “Ngiye kubaza ibyo!” Iyikoma ijanja Iheruka gukoma ...
Literature notes-S6-Chap VIII
LEARN ITCLASS: SENIOR SIX TABLE OF CONTENTS UNIT I: EUROPEAN LITERARY TRADITIONS UNIT II: STRUCTURE IN MODERN PROSE UNIT III: ELEGY AND EPITAPH UNIT IV: LIMERICKS- RHYTHM AND RHYME UNIT V: FREE VERSE UNIT VI: THEATRE OF THE ABSURD UNIT VII: RADIO ...